Marie Curie won the Nobel Prize in Physics from her research of the radiation phenomena. After receiving the Nobel Prize the Curies became quite famous, and several years later she won her 2nd Nobel Prize (this time in Chemistry) for her discovery of the elements polonium and radium.
The adverse effects of prolonged exposure to radiation were not known during her time and she died from radiation sickness. She is the only woman to be buried at the Paris Pantheon.